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Type Of Funds

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Generally, unit trust there is divided into four categories of funds. Different category of fund to serve different investment objectives and also the investment time frame. Understand the category of fund allow investor to decide which fund is more suitable for their investment objective.

Money Market Fund

Money market fund will invest in fixed income securities like Malaysia Government Securities (MGS) which is also known as Malaysia government bond; Treasury Bills, and Bank Fixed Deposit.

Investor who are looking for short term return should consider money market fund. These type of funds are suitable to those investor close to retirement age or already retired. Money market fund return is best position in between Saving Account and Fixed Deposit Account. Money market fund are highly liquidated. It is suitable to be used as emergency fund. Investor can park their emergency fund there to earn some interest income and when there is emergency usage, they can liquidate easily. Depends on the fund house, money market can be liquidated within one to three days.

One of the common example to use Money Market Fund is to park our very short term money that we do not use and earn some dividend income. For example if we have lump sum of money that we expect not to use in two months’ time, if we allocate that sum of money into bank Saving Account which will not make any good interest in such a short period of time. If we allocate that sum of money into Fixed Deposit account, it may not be suitable as the duration is too short. Even you consider allocate to one month Fixed Deposit, you may lose the interest rate if you change your mind by cashing out the Fix Deposit earlier than the duration stipulated i.e. one month in this case. In this scenario, one of the best solution is to allocate that sum of money into Money Market fund as general speaking you can liquidate the Money Market fund any time you like without losing the dividend as it is calculated daily basis.

Other ways of maximising your dividend income from Money Market fund, if we are getting our monthly salary earlier and we do not need to pay our monthly bill that soon. We can move the salary into Money Market fund during the waiting period, when we need to pay the bill then we can cash out the Money Market fund. If we have the discipline to manage our fund well, over the long period of time, we can earn some extra dividend with our existing resources.

Bond Fund

Bond Fund also be considered as Fixed Income. Not like money market fund, bond fund investor needs to prepare to be slightly longer in term of holding period. Advisable minimum 3 years or more. Generally Bond Fund is sensitive to bank interest rate. When interest rate increase, bond fund decline. The reverse applies when bank interest rate fall.

Bond Fund will invest in corporate bond and Government Bond. Bond Funds suitable for retiree who like to seek for regular interest income. It is an alternative portfolio to diversify beside money market as its return generally will be higher than money market but require to hold longer period compare to money market.

Equity Fund

Generally equity fund is investing in stocks. It is higher return compare to money market fund and bond fund. With higher return always come with higher risk. Equity can be categories into small cap, mid cap and large cap or also named as blue chip. The categories is calculate base on market capitalisation.

Generally Malaysia Small Cap is categories RM1.25 billion and below. Mid Cap is between RM2 billion to RM1.25 billion. As for Large Cap or Blue Chip, thear are invested in the largest stocks in term of market capitalisation. When writing this in Oct 2019, stocks like Maybank at around RM95 billion market cap, Public Bank at around RM74 billion market cap and Tenaga at around RM78 billion. As the large cap grow rate will be lower than small cap. Investing in large cap risk generally is lower than small cap in exchange the return in large cap will be lower than small cap. Large cap usually distribute their profit through dividend as they do not need to retain much of their profit for business expansion. As for Mid Cap and Small Cap, their distribution will be lower as they will use the profit for business expansion. Therefore investing in Mid Cap and Small Cap is more on their growth.

Balance Fund

Balance Fund is basically combination of Equity Fund and Fixed Income Funds. Fixed Income Fund can be in the form of Bond and Money Market. As the name suggested, Balance Fund portfolio allocation is half into Equities and the other half into Fixed Income fund. Balance Fund is suitable for investor who just want to take moderate risk.

Conclusion

It is important for investor to aware that we should not choose the investment fund just mainly base on the past fund return. Different fund categories will require different investment interval and generate different range of expected return.

We all know that a very high end sport car can be a fastest vehicle on the road and it may also cost us lots of money to own it. But if our objective is to have a vehicle that allow us to work out for an hour or two every day in the nearby garden of our house. Then owning a very expensive sport car does not feed the purpose. A few hundred bucks of bicycle can easily meet that requirement. The fastest and most expensive vehicle does not mean it will meet the work out objective. Therefore it is important to know our objective before we select the right vehicle.

As a conclusion, different categories of fund will serve different investment objective and the time frame. It is important for investor to be cleared on their own investment objective and the investment timeframe that they have before they allocate their portfolio into the correct categories.

Normally we will have short term objective, medium term objective and long term objective. Use different instrument or funds to server different investment interval and different investment objective.

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